Cybercriminals (Yahoo Boys) and Society: Hustle Kingdoms, Occult Economies, and the Colonial Politics of Digital Fraud

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2026 · Routledge

'Funds left Delaware in the morning': Online fraud networks and money laundering operations

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2026 · International Criminal Justice Review

A reflexive performance of caution in a cryptocurrency fraud encounter

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2026 · International Review of Sociology

“UnderKingdom”, enslavement simulation, and the normalisation of human trafficking and scam compound culture in Southeast Asia

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2026 · Deviant Behavior

Africa, my home: What shadow of home remains?

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2026 · Journal of Postcolonial Writing

Empirical Applications of Space Transition Theory in Cybercrime Research: A PRISMA-Guided Systematic Review (2007–2025)

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, Y. Abubakari

2026 · Crime, Law and Social Change

Malware as a service in human trafficking operations at a scam compound: Cybercrime infrastructure and forced labor as structurally interdependent

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, G. Sarkar

2026 · Journal of Human Trafficking

What Do We Know About Human Trafficking and Scam Compounds in Southeast Asia (2020–2025)? A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis of Coercive Deviant Enterprises

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, M. Chiang, R. S. Dimitrova, T. T. Thu, E. Essien

2026 · Deviant Behavior

Afrobeats, Moral Disengagement and the Cultural Politics of Online Fraud: The Difference Between a Twitch and a Wink Is Vast

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, O. Olaigbe, S. E. Lazarus

2026 · Deviant Behavior

Degrees of entrapment in Hustle Kingdoms: the spectrum of coercion in cybercrime schools

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, A. B. Soares, M. Button

2026 · Evidence Base

Advancing sociological understanding of felt and enacted stigma through the experience of mothers raising children with disabilities in Nigeria

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, L. Platt et al.

2026 · The Sociological Review

Evolutionary fraud, the global scamming ecosystem and a typology of actors

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, M. Button, B. Hock, P. Gilmour, D. Pandey, J. B. Sabia

2026 · International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice

India’s Call-Center Frauds: A Neocolonial Perspective on Organized Crime

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, P. Gilmour, D. Pandey, M. Button, B. Hock, J. B. Sabia

2026 · Journal of White Collar and Corporate Crime

Online shopping fraud website production: An exploratory study of the mechanics of fraud

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, J. Whittaker, M. McGuire

2026 · Journal of Financial Crime

Cyber fraud, global

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2026 · SAGE Publications

Forced labour in West African cybercrime academies: how fear traps young men

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2026 · The Conversation

Inside Southeast Asia’s industrialised fraud factories

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2026 · LSE Business Review

How ordinary business infrastructure supported a fraud network spanning America and Nigeria

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2026 · LSE Business Review

Afrobeats celebrates cybercrime and it’s becoming a global problem

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2026 · The Conversation

Human traffickers are using football dreams to lure young Ghanaian men to Nigeria – How to stop it

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2026 · The Conversation

The Weaponization of Football Dreams in Human Trafficking Schemes

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2025 · Journal of Human Trafficking

Pathways, Pressure, and Profit: Adaptive Innovation and Strain in a Convicted Cybercrime Academy Called Hustle Kingdom

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, A. B. Soares, M. Button

2025 · Deviant Behavior

Assessing Human Trafficking and Cybercrime Intersections through Survivor Narratives

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, M. Chiang, M. Button

2025 · Deviant Behavior

Pulpit, power, and predation: “Yahoo men of God,” prosperity theology, and the twin fraud triangles

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, P. Tickner, M. Button

2025 · Critical Research on Religion

Cybercrime Against Senior Citizens: Exploring Ageism, Ideal Victimhood, and the Pivotal Role of Socioeconomics

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, P. Tickner, M. McGuire

2025 · Security Journal

Fraud as legitimate retribution for colonial injustice: Neutralization techniques in interviews with police and online romance fraud offenders

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, M. Hughes, M. Button, K. H. Garba

2025 · Deviant Behavior

From business centres to Hustle Kingdoms: historical perspectives on innovative models of deviant education

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, A. B. Soares

2025 · International Annals of Criminology

Strategic Business Movements? The Migration of Online Romance Fraudsters from Nigeria to Ghana

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, M. Button, K. H. Garba, A. B. Soares, M. Hughes

2025 · Journal of Economic Criminology

Experiences of local victims of Yahoo Boys’ socio-economic cybercrimes in Nigeria

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, A. M. Auwal

2025 · Discover Psychology

Factors Influencing Involvement in Cyber-Frauds in West Africa and the Implications for Policy

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, M. Button, B. Hock, J. B. Sabia, D. Pandey, P. Gilmour

2025 · European Journal of Criminal Policy and Research

Nigerian confraternities and mass cross-border fraud

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, M. Button, B. Hock, J. B. Sabia, P. Gilmour, D. Pandey

2025 · Trends in Organized Crime

Love, Lies, and Larceny: One Hundred Convicted Case Files of Cybercriminals with Eighty Involving Online Romance Fraud

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, A. B. Soares, M. Button

2025 · Deviant Behavior

Conversations with Deviant Website Developers: A Case Study of Online Shopping Fraud Enablers

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, J. M. Whittaker, M. McGuire

2025 · Journal of Criminology

Online romance scams: who Nigeria and Ghana’s fraudsters are, how they operate, and why they do it

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2025 · The Conversation

Fake online shops rely on tech skills: what drives Cameroon’s web developers to assist online fraudsters

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, J. M. Whittaker

2025 · The Conversation

How do the cybercriminals behind business email compromise fraud operate?

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2025 · LSE Research for the World

Cybercriminal Networks and Operational Dynamics of Business Email Compromise (BEC) Scammers: Insights from the “Black Axe” Confraternity

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2024 · Deviant Behavior

An assessment of convicted cryptocurrency fraudsters

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, K. H. Garba, M. Button

2024 · Current Issues in Criminal Justice

Examining fifty cases of convicted online romance fraud offenders

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, A. B. Soares

2024 · Criminal Justice Studies

An Autoethnographic Perspective on Scholarly Impact, Citation Politics, and North-South Power Dynamics

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2024 · Life Writing

Nomophobia (no-mobile-phone phobia) among the undergraduate medical students

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, A. R. Ghafari, R. Kapend, K. J. Rezayee, H. Aminpoor, M. Y. Essar, A. Nemat

2024 · Heliyon

Assessing cybercrime syndicates: Understanding ‘Black Axe’ confraternity and cybercriminal networks in business email compromise (BEC) scams

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2024 · The Public Sector Counter Fraud Journal

Are fraud victims nothing more than animals? Critiquing the propagation of “pig butchering” (Sha Zhu Pan, 杀猪盘)

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, J. M. Whittaker, T. Corcoran

2024 · Journal of Economic Criminology

What is the emotional impact of fraud?

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, L. Ziegler

2024 · Lloyds Banking Group

Hustle academies: West Africa’s online scammers are training others in fraud and sextortion

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, M. Button

2024 · The Conversation

How online fraudsters are romancing away people's savings

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2024 · LSE Research for the World

‘Pig butchering’ fraud: the link between modern slavery, torture and online crime

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, J. Whittaker

2024 · The Conversation

Scoping study on fraud centres: Ghana, India and Nigeria

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, M. Button, P. M. Gilmour, B. Hock, T. Jain, S. Jesperson, D. Pandey, J. Sabia

2024 · ITAD

Cheques or Dating Scams? Online Fraud Themes in Hip-Hop Songs Across Popular Music Apps

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, O. Olaigbe, A. Adeduntan, E. T. Dibiana, G. U. Okolorie

2023 · Journal of Economic Criminology

What Do We Know About Online Romance Fraud Studies? A Systematic Review of the Empirical Literature (2000 to 2021)

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, J. Whittaker, M. McGuire, L. Platt

2023 · Journal of Economic Criminology

The endorsement of online fraud in Nigerian music

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2023 · Africa at LSE

Social media users compare internet fraudsters to Nigerian politician

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2023 · Africa at LSE

Tweets and Reactions: Revealing the Geographies of Cybercrime Perpetrators and the North-South Divide

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, M. Button

2022 · Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking

Advantageous Comparison: Using Twitter Responses to Understand Similarities between Cybercriminals (“Yahoo Boys”) and Politicians (“Yahoo men”)

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, M. Button, A. Adogame

2022 · Heliyon

Exploring the Value of Feminist Theory in Understanding Digital Crimes

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, M. Button, R. Kapend

2022 · The Howard Journal of Crime and Justice

Hijab or niqab interacts with facemasks usage at healthcare settings in Kabul, Afghanistan: A multi-centre observational study

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, A. Nemat, T. J. Danishmand, M. Y. Essar, N. Raufi, S. Ahmad

2022 · Healthcare

Online fraudsters, colonial legacies and the north-south divide in Nigeria

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, M. Button

2022 · The Conversation

Demonstrating the Therapeutic Values of Poetry in Doctoral Research

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2021 · Methodological Innovations

The Bifurcation of the Nigerian Cybercriminals: Narratives of the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) Agents

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, G. U. Okolorie

2019 · Telematics and Informatics

Just Married: The Synergy between Feminist Criminology and The Tripartite Cybercrime Framework

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2019 · International Social Science Journal

Where is the Money? The Intersectionality of the Spirit World and the Acquisition of Wealth

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2019 · Religions

“Some animals are more equal than others”: The hierarchy of citizenship in Austria

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2019 · Laws

What Nigerian hip-hop lyrics have to say about the country's Yahoo Boys

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2019 · The Conversation

'Troubling' Chastisement: A Comparative Historical Analysis of Child Punishment in Ghana and Ireland

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, M. Rush

2018 · Sociological Research Online

Birds of a Feather Flock Together: The Nigerian Cyber Fraudsters (Yahoo Boys) and Hip-Hop Artists

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2018 · Criminology, Criminal Justice, Law & Society

Gendered Penalties of Divorce on Remarriage in Nigeria: A Qualitative Study

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, M. Rush, E. T. Dibiana, C. Monks

2017 · Journal of Comparative Family Studies

The view that '419' makes Nigeria a global cybercrime player is misplaced

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2017 · The Conversation

Social and Contextual Taxonomy of Cybercrime: Socioeconomic Theory of Nigerian Cybercriminals

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2016 · International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice

Causes of Socioeconomic Cybercrime in Nigeria

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2016 · IEEE Publishing

Physical punishment in Ghana and Finland: Criminological, sociocultural, human rights and child protection implications

Dr. Suleman Lazarus, S. Komulainen

2016 · International Journal of Human Rights and Constitutional Studies

A Binary Model of Broken Home: Parental Death-Divorce Hypothesis of Male Juvenile Delinquency in Nigeria and Ghana

Dr. Suleman Lazarus

2015 · Emerald Group Publishing Limited

Modelling the modern spread of online romance fraud

Politicization of Economic Cybercrime: Perceptions Among Ghanaian Facebook Users

Media Presentation of Online Romance Fraud in the Czech Republic